User Acquisition

The hyper-casual gaming landscape continues to evolve as developers navigate shifting attribution models and monetization strategies. Analysis of the sector reveals that advertising remains the primary revenue driver, with a heavy reliance on high-volume user acquisition and optimized ad mediation. Data from 2021 and 2022 indicates that the top-performing ad networks for hyper-casual titles are those capable of delivering massive scale at low costs per install, while simultaneously providing robust monetization tools to capture value from short-lived player lifecycles.

Geographic trends show a significant concentration of activity in established markets, though emerging regions are increasingly contributing to the global install base. The industry segments covered include both Android and iOS platforms, with a specific focus on how privacy changes have impacted attribution and marketing efficiency. Statistics suggest that while the cost of acquiring users has fluctuated, the most successful publishers are those utilizing sophisticated data analytics to balance spend across a diverse range of ad networks.

Methodological insights derived from industry benchmarks highlight the importance of real-time data processing and cross-platform tracking. By examining the performance of the top ten ad networks, it becomes clear that market leadership is defined by the ability to integrate seamlessly with attribution partners. The findings conclude that the hyper-casual market remains resilient, provided that developers adapt to the technical requirements of modern mobile advertising and maintain a rigorous focus on retention metrics and effective ad placement strategies.

Global app downloads reached 36.9 billion in the first quarter of 2022, representing a 1.4% year-over-year increase. This period marked a significant milestone for TikTok, which surpassed 3.5 billion all-time downloads to become the top global app, while Meta reclaimed its position as the leading publisher for the first time in two years. Although Google Play growth began to flatten as pandemic-era surges subsided, the mobile gaming sector showed signs of recovery with total downloads reaching 14.34 billion across both major storefronts. India remained the largest market for total downloads, while Vietnam and Pakistan emerged as high-growth regions with year-over-year increases exceeding 20%.

Market dynamics were heavily influenced by viral trends and macroeconomic shifts. The "Wordle" phenomenon revitalized the word game sub-genre, driving a 74% quarter-over-quarter increase in U.S. downloads and prompting major publishers like AppLovin and Rovio to acquire similar titles. Simultaneously, high inflation and rising fuel costs triggered a 1,500% spike in demand for gas-tracking apps like GasBuddy in the United States. In the entertainment sector, the U.S. video streaming market continued to fragment; the market share of the top three apps plummeted from 80% in 2019 to just 37% as newer platforms like HBO Max and Disney+ gained traction through major content releases and live sports.

The competitive landscape remains dominated by established giants, yet regional variations persist. While Meta and Google maintained a stronghold in Western markets, shopping apps like Shopee saw massive adoption in Asia, where Google Play shopping installs surged by 63%. In the gaming sector, Garena Free Fire maintained its global lead, particularly in Asia, while Subway Surfers experienced a notable 45% growth resurgence in Europe. These findings illustrate a maturing global app economy where growth is increasingly driven by specific regional demands, viral social trends, and shifting consumer priorities in response to economic pressures.

The mobile app and gaming landscape underwent a significant strategic pivot during the first half of 2022, characterized by a transition from high-volume advertising to a quality-focused, data-driven methodology. Faced with rising user acquisition costs and the restrictive post-ATT environment, marketers reduced the total volume of mobile game creatives by nearly 30% year-over-year. This contraction reflects a broader industry shift toward precise traffic optimization, where performance metrics like Cost Per Purchase and In-App Purchase Return on Ad Spend have superseded raw install volume as the primary indicators of success.

Geographically, the United States remains the dominant market, commanding the highest share of traffic and the most expensive advertising costs. CPMs surged significantly during this period, rising 18% for mobile games and 64% for non-gaming applications. In response to these economic headwinds and privacy-related tracking limitations, advertisers have increasingly pivoted toward the Android ecosystem, which now hosts approximately 70% of mobile game creatives. Simultaneously, growth is being sought in emerging Tier-2 and Tier-3 markets to offset the saturation and high costs found in traditional Western strongholds.

To maintain performance, publishers are diversifying their acquisition channels, moving beyond traditional social media giants to include incentive-based traffic sources and search-driven discovery. App Store Optimization and Apple Search Ads have become critical components of visibility strategies, while the adoption of predictive analytics and first-party data collection allows developers to navigate the loss of IDFA-based targeting. By prioritizing user-generated content styles and optimizing opt-in prompts, which have reached success rates as high as 51% in certain hyper-casual segments, the industry is successfully recalibrating its approach to sustain long-term growth despite a challenging macroeconomic climate.

The hyper-casual mobile gaming sector experienced a notable escalation in acquisition costs during the latter half of 2022, characterized by rising median cost-per-install (CPI) rates across both Android and iOS platforms. By the fourth quarter of 2022, median CPI reached all-time highs of $0.20 on Android and $0.42 on iOS. This upward trend in acquisition spending was global, as no major market tracked by ad spend experienced a decrease in median CPI on Android, while iOS markets saw varied fluctuations, including a significant decrease in the United States and notable increases in France and Germany.

Retention metrics reveal a consistent performance advantage for iOS over Android across all tiers of game quality. For the top 2% of hyper-casual titles, iOS achieved a 45% Day 1 retention rate compared to 38% on Android, with Day 7 retention figures similarly favoring iOS at 19% versus 14%. This performance gap persists among the top 25% of games and the median cohort, where iOS maintains a higher percentage of returning players. These findings underscore a widening disparity between high-performing titles and average games, emphasizing the critical importance of engagement optimization in a landscape of increasing user acquisition costs.

The analysis draws upon data from over 100,000 games and one-third of the global mobile player base to establish these benchmarks. By segmenting performance by platform and geographic region, the data highlights the shifting economic landscape for developers and publishers. The findings suggest that while market saturation and rising costs present significant challenges, the ability to maintain player retention remains the primary differentiator between top-tier hyper-casual games and the broader market.

The report presents a quarterly benchmark of hyper‑casual mobile games, focusing on cost‑per‑install (CPI), cost‑per‑lead (CPL), and retention metrics across Android and iOS platforms. In Q4 2022, median CPL rose modestly to $0.20 on both platforms, with Android up by $0.05 and iOS up by $0.17 from Q3, reflecting a tightening cost environment for user acquisition. Median CPI reached an all‑time high of $0.42, indicating higher spending per install during the period.

Geographically, the analysis highlights top markets by ad spend. For Android, China, South Korea, and Australia remain leaders; France and the Netherlands appear as secondary markets. In iOS, the United States dominates CPI costs, followed by Japan and South Korea, with France and Germany showing notable increases. Mexico emerges as a new market experiencing CPI decline, while Brazil’s CPI rises to become the highest in its segment.

Retention benchmarks reveal platform‑specific performance. Across all game tiers—top 2 %, top 25 %, and median—the day‑1 retention rates are higher on iOS than Android, with the greatest gap observed in top 2 % games (45 % vs. 38 %). Day‑7 retention follows a similar pattern, underscoring iOS’s advantage in sustaining early player engagement for hyper‑casual titles.

Methodologically, the data derive from a sample of over 100 000 games tracked by GameAnalytics, covering Q4 2022 and comparing against Q3 benchmarks. The report’s scope spans global markets, with a focus on the most active regions for mobile advertising spend.

The global mobile ecosystem experienced significant expansion throughout 2021 and into 2022, characterized by record-breaking consumer spending of $170 billion and a projected ad spend of $336 billion. Despite initial concerns regarding privacy changes following the release of iOS 14.5, the industry demonstrated remarkable resilience as App Tracking Transparency opt-in rates reached 25% globally, far exceeding early market expectations. This growth was distributed across key verticals including fintech, e-commerce, and gaming, with mobile e-commerce sales alone reaching $3.56 trillion.

The fintech sector emerged as a primary driver of engagement, with installs and sessions rising by 34% and 53% respectively. While traditional banking and payment apps maintain the highest market share, cryptocurrency and stock trading platforms saw the most intense user activity, with session lengths nearly doubling. However, this heightened interest triggered a sharp increase in acquisition costs, with fintech eCPIs rising from $1.05 to $3.40 over the course of a year. Similarly, e-commerce apps saw a 46% surge in in-app revenue despite rising costs and declining retention, signaling a shift where users are spending more money and time per session even as new user acquisition becomes more expensive.

Mobile gaming remains the dominant force in the app economy, accounting for 52% of total consumer spend. Global game installs grew by 32%, led by the hyper-casual subvertical, though action and adventure titles commanded the highest levels of engagement and session frequency. While Day 30 retention rates for games nearly doubled to 9%, the industry faces a growing divide between high-volume downloads and long-term stickiness. As user acquisition costs continue to climb across all regions—particularly in LATAM and EMEA—the focus for developers has shifted from pure volume to maximizing lifetime value and implementing sophisticated re-engagement strategies to sustain growth in an increasingly competitive landscape.

The 2022 Mobile Ad Creative Index analyzes performance trends and benchmarks across four major mobile app verticals: gaming, e-commerce, entertainment, and finance. The report focuses on the strategic importance of ad creative excellence in a privacy-first landscape following Apple’s IDFA changes. It evaluates five primary ad formats—banners, interstitials, playables, native, and video—across both iOS and Android platforms.

The findings are based on a massive dataset spanning January 1, 2021, to January 1, 2022, encompassing 805 billion impressions, 12.6 billion clicks, and 200 million installs. Data points indicate that while Android remains more cost-effective, with iOS costs often doubling those of Android for the same formats, specific creative types offer distinct advantages. In gaming, playable ads provide the lowest cost-per-install (CPI) at $1.98, though banner ads deliver the highest return on ad spend (ROAS), reaching nearly 22% by day 30. In the e-commerce and finance sectors, banner ads emerge as the most value-driven format, offering the lowest CPIs and high install-to-action rates.

A significant portion of the analysis, supported by GameRefinery and VisualMind technology, examines player motivations. Despite the potential of tailoring creative to specific psychological drivers like "thinking and solving" or "excitement and thrill," the data reveals a massive gap in execution: only 4% of casual game video ads and less than 1% of midcore ads successfully tap into these motivations. The conclusion emphasizes that future performance marketing success depends on "hyper-localization," interactive elements like gamification for non-gaming brands, and iterative creative testing to combat ad fatigue.

The Modern Mobile Consumer 2022: App Discovery Report examines the evolving journey of mobile users from initial app discovery to daily usage and long-term engagement. The primary thesis suggests that the traditional distinction between gamers and non-gamers is increasingly obsolete, as consumer behaviors and attitudes toward advertising are remarkably consistent across different app categories. Findings indicate that mobile gaming has become a universal hobby, with 60% of non-gaming app users playing mobile games daily, tying with social media for the top usage category.

Data highlights the dominance of in-app advertising as a discovery tool, with 70% of gaming audiences and 78% of a control group reporting they have downloaded apps after seeing mobile advertisements. While most users maintain over 20 apps on their devices, the majority only engage with five to ten apps daily. To break into this limited rotation, the research suggests that video ads, app store promotions, and interactive formats are the most effective. Furthermore, rewarded ads—traditionally associated with gaming—show broad appeal, with 33% of non-gaming audiences paying more attention to ads that offer in-app incentives.

The research methodology involved a large-scale survey of 30,457 respondents conducted in April and May 2022. The sample included 18,894 consumers from gaming apps and 11,563 from non-gaming apps within the ironSource network, supplemented by a 500-person third-party control group to eliminate bias. All participants were verified adults aged 18 or older. The geographic scope is global, focusing on the broader mobile app economy. Conclusions emphasize that successful user acquisition strategies must prioritize interest-based relevance, humor, and rewarded engagement to capture the attention of the modern mobile consumer.

The global mobile application market experienced a pivotal transition in the second quarter of 2022, characterized by a 2.5% year-over-year decline in total downloads to 35 billion. While Google Play maintained the largest volume with 27.2 billion installs, the most significant development occurred within the United States, where consumer spending on non-gaming applications surpassed gaming revenue on the App Store for the first time. This shift was fueled by a 40% compound annual growth rate in subscriptions, with non-game subscription revenue soaring 129% above 2019 levels. This trend underscores a fundamental change in consumer behavior as 400 non-game titles generated over $1 million in quarterly revenue, signaling a maturation of the subscription economy.

The gaming landscape remained highly competitive, led by the resurgence of Subway Surfers, which achieved its best performance since 2014 with over 80 million downloads. While Garena Free Fire continued its dominance on Google Play, particularly in Asia, the quarter was defined by the successful entry of mid-core titles like Apex Legends Mobile and Diablo Immortal. Regional growth was most pronounced in Indonesia, which surpassed 2 billion quarterly downloads for the first time, while the U.S. market saw a resurgence in travel and ticketing sectors as consumers returned to pre-pandemic activities.

Publisher dynamics remained concentrated among established giants, with Meta and Google maintaining their global leadership. Meta saw an 11% year-over-year increase in downloads, driven by its ownership of four of the top five most-installed apps worldwide. The industry also witnessed significant consolidation and strategic shifts, notably Take-Two Interactive’s rise to the top of the U.S. gaming market following its acquisition of Zynga, and Miniclip’s acquisition of the Subway Surfers franchise. These movements, combined with the rising influence of domestic publishers in China and the U.S., illustrate a market balancing global scale with localized dominance.

The mobile app industry experienced a period of robust expansion throughout 2021, characterized by $170 billion in consumer spending and $288 billion in advertising expenditures. Despite the implementation of Apple’s App Tracking Transparency framework, the sector demonstrated unexpected resilience as global opt-in rates reached 25%, significantly outperforming initial industry forecasts. This growth was distributed across several key verticals, with fintech and gaming leading the surge in installs at 35% and 32% respectively, while e-commerce maintained steady upward momentum with a 12% increase in downloads.

Fintech emerged as a primary driver of engagement, particularly within the asset management and cryptocurrency subverticals. While traditional banking and payment apps maintained the highest share of installs, crypto apps achieved record session lengths exceeding 15 minutes. This heightened engagement occurred alongside a sharp rise in acquisition costs, with effective cost-per-install (eCPI) for fintech apps more than tripling. Consequently, developers are increasingly pivoting toward subscription-based models to ensure long-term profitability and offset the rising price of user acquisition.

The e-commerce and gaming sectors mirrored this trend of higher costs paired with increased user value. Although e-commerce retention rates saw a slight decline, total in-app revenue jumped by 46%, driven by longer session durations in marketplace apps. Similarly, the gaming industry saw hyper-casual titles dominate download volumes while adventure and strategy games secured deeper engagement. Across all sectors, the transition toward higher-quality user bases is evident; while it is becoming more expensive to acquire users, those who remain are spending more time and money within apps, making retention and lifetime value the critical metrics for sustained success in a maturing mobile market.

The mobile game advertising landscape in the United States remained resilient throughout the first half of 2021, showing no immediate negative impact from industry-wide privacy changes such as the Identifier for Advertisers (IDFA) updates. Data indicates that mobile games continue to dominate the share of voice (SOV) across major ad networks, with several networks reporting an increased focus on gaming-related advertisements. The industry is characterized by a strategic alignment between specific ad networks and target demographics, where networks like YouTube cater to younger, male-dominated audiences interested in strategy and RPG titles, while platforms like Adcolony attract older, female-focused demographics, particularly within the casino genre.

Video remains the primary creative format for mobile game advertisers, though playable ads have gained significant traction. While playable formats were historically reserved for hypercasual and puzzle games, mid-core titles such as Call of Duty: Mobile and State of Survival have increasingly adopted simplified mini-game versions of their titles to drive user acquisition. This trend highlights a broader shift toward creative experimentation, which also includes the use of relaxing background music to differentiate casual titles and the deployment of real-world conversational ads that emphasize social proof or financial rewards.

The analysis, which covers the period from 2018 through the second quarter of 2021, utilizes data from major ad networks including AppLovin, MoPub, Facebook, AdMob, and Unity. Findings suggest that successful user acquisition strategies rely on matching game genres with networks that possess compatible user bases. As the market evolves, publishers are increasingly leveraging these granular insights to optimize their creative assets, moving beyond traditional video formats to more interactive and narrative-driven advertising techniques that capitalize on player psychology and specific genre appeal.

The 2021 mobile gaming landscape was defined by a transition toward creative-led advertising strategies necessitated by rising acquisition costs and shifting privacy regulations. As iOS privacy changes prompted a strategic pivot toward Android platforms, the industry experienced a 200% surge in ad creatives and a 34% year-over-year increase in CPMs on major platforms like Meta. With the United States emerging as the most expensive market at an average CPM of $28.18, advertisers increasingly prioritized data-driven optimization and regional targeting to maintain return on investment amidst a broader 5% slowdown in total advertiser market growth.

While casual and puzzle games maintained the highest volume of individual advertisers globally, RPGs consistently dominated in total creative output across key regions, including Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. To combat market saturation, developers shifted toward high-engagement formats, specifically vertical video ads exceeding 30 seconds and playable end cards. These creative strategies, often incorporating celebrity endorsements and real-people trailers, became essential tools for driving conversions in a competitive environment where traditional tracking methods faced significant headwinds.

Looking toward future growth, the industry is increasingly focused on globalization and the refinement of hybrid monetization models. Developers are diversifying revenue streams by integrating NFTs and combining traditional in-app purchases with ad-based structures. Furthermore, the adoption of privacy-compliant user acquisition, such as early SKAN testing and AI-driven optimization, has become a prerequisite for success. As companies expand into emerging markets like the Middle East and the CIS, the combination of M&A activity, social feature integration, and sophisticated monetization frameworks will remain central to navigating the complexities of the post-privacy mobile ecosystem.