Market Analysis

The live-streaming market experienced a cooling period in the first quarter of 2023, with combined viewership across major platforms decreasing by 16% compared to the previous year. Despite this decline, the industry remains significantly larger than pre-pandemic levels, with total hours watched still 46% higher than in Q1 2020 and double the volume of Q1 2019. This analysis, based on data from Twitch, YouTube Live Gaming, Facebook Live, and emerging platforms like AfreecaTV, highlights a shifting competitive landscape where Twitch and YouTube have increased their market share to 74% and 15% respectively, while Facebook Live’s influence plummeted by nearly 69%.

A primary trend identified is the growing synergy between streaming and other media formats. The release of The Last of Us television series on HBO triggered a 107% increase in viewership for the franchise's games and generated over one million related chat messages on Twitch within two weeks. Similarly, non-gaming content continues to expand, with sports—specifically football—accounting for four of the top five non-gaming broadcasts. In the gaming sector, League of Legends reclaimed the top spot by hours watched, while Hogwarts Legacy set a record for single-player games with 1.28 million peak viewers during its early access period.

The creator landscape saw significant shifts as KaiCenat became the top streamer, surpassing xQc following a record-breaking 30-day "subathon" that generated 53.4 million hours watched. The report also notes the rising dominance of VTubers, particularly in the female creator category, where they occupy half of the top ten spots. Geographically, the influence of Spanish and Portuguese-speaking creators remains strong, representing the majority of the top ten global streamers. While the market is stabilizing after years of rapid growth, these findings suggest that high-production crossovers and diverse content categories are becoming the primary drivers of audience engagement.

The global gaming industry entered 2023 showing signs of a robust public market recovery, evidenced by a 12% rise in the Drake Star Gaming Index and a notable expansion in valuation multiples. While the volume of mergers and acquisitions experienced a temporary dip to 43 deals, private financing remained resilient. Over 200 deals raised approximately $1.3 billion during the first quarter, driven primarily by early-stage investments. A strategic shift in investor interest became apparent as capital moved away from blockchain-centric projects toward gaming tools and artificial intelligence platforms.

Investment activity was characterized by significant capital injections from major players, most notably Savvy Gaming Group’s $265 million investment in VSPO and Believer’s $55 million raise for open-world development. Venture capital firms such as BITKRAFT and Andreessen Horowitz maintained high deal volumes across PC, console, and platform segments. Despite the broader slowdown in consolidation, Embracer Group remained highly active, completing 18 deals totaling over $1.1 billion. Public market valuations revealed distinct regional and sectoral trends, with Japan and Korea-based developers commanding higher median EV/EBITDA multiples of 9.2x compared to the 5.7x seen in Western PC and console firms.

The financial landscape remains complex and volatile, marked by modest median revenue growth of 1% for hardware and platforms and negative average profit margins across several segments. Regional disparities are particularly sharp in the Chinese market, where Shenzhen-listed firms maintain significantly higher valuation multiples than their counterparts. In the hardware sector, NVIDIA continues to dominate with a market capitalization exceeding $680 billion, despite facing substantial declines in EBITDA. Looking forward, the industry is positioned for a significant M&A rebound in the latter half of the year, supported by massive capital earmarks from sovereign wealth funds and high-profile acquisitions in the mobile and social gaming space.

This analysis examines the global mobile economy and digital advertising landscape throughout 2022 and into early 2023, utilizing proprietary market intelligence data from the App Store and Google Play. While global app installs have slowed following the initial pandemic surge, they remain significantly above 2019 levels. Mobile games continue to be the primary driver of downloads globally, exceeding 50 billion installs in 2022, though the utilities category has recently emerged as a significant growth leader, particularly in emerging markets like India.

A major shift occurred in 2022 as global consumer spending on mobile games declined for the first time, falling to $79 billion. This downturn was particularly pronounced on Android devices, which saw a 7 percent revenue drop driven by high inflation and the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. Japan experienced the most significant contraction, with game revenue falling by $3.2 billion. Conversely, the entertainment category has become a primary engine for revenue growth, with spending on apps like TikTok, HBO Max, and Disney+ reaching record highs. In the United States, entertainment spending doubled compared to 2019 levels, while in Japan, a manga reader app became the top-grossing title for the first time, displacing traditional gaming leaders.

The digital advertising sector reached $28 billion across North America and major European markets in the fourth quarter of 2022. While established platforms like Facebook maintain the largest market share, TikTok has emerged as the fastest-growing ad channel, recording a 60 percent quarterly increase in U.S. ad spend. Facing headwinds from Apple’s privacy changes and reduced marketing budgets, many developers are pivoting toward subscription models and diversified monetization strategies. Looking forward, the reopening of China and the high smartphone penetration growth in Africa are identified as critical factors for the next phase of global mobile adoption.

Analysis of the global video game industry’s financial activity in the first quarter of 2023 reveals a period of market correction and stabilization following previous record highs. While total deal value across private investments, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), and public offerings saw significant year-over-year declines, the volume of private deals suggests a return to regular levels of activity. The data indicates a bifurcated market where early-stage venture capital remains robust while late-stage and public market activities struggle under the pressure of high interest rates and bearish sentiment.

Private investment reached $3.3 billion across 141 deals, representing a 71% decrease in value compared to the same period in 2022. However, early-stage investments showed resilience, acting as a primary driver for future industry growth. In contrast, late-stage deals were scarce, with a single $265 million investment in VSPO accounting for 65% of the total late-stage value. The M&A sector hit a multi-year low with only 43 closed deals totaling $11.4 billion—a 94% drop in value from the previous year—though pending major acquisitions like Scopely and Rovio suggest a potential rebound in subsequent quarters.

Public offerings remained stalled, totaling $0.7 billion across nine deals, as macroeconomic conditions continued to deter companies from entering public markets. The most active venture capital firms during this period included Andreessen Horowitz, Makers Fund, and BITKRAFT Ventures, with a heavy focus on early-stage rounds.

The findings are based on data from InvestGame, which tracks closed transactions in the video game sector excluding gambling and non-gaming blockchain entities. Methodology involves a weighted ranking system for investors that prioritizes lead deal volume and value. Data sources include public media, S&P Capital IQ, and internal market insights.

The analysis evaluates how the mobile ecosystem and digital advertising evolved through 2022 and projects future dynamics, using Sensor Tower’s App Store and Google Play data, quarterly download and revenue estimates, and ad‑spend figures from North America and major European markets. It frames the mobile economy as still expanding beyond pre‑COVID levels while noting a slowdown in install growth, with India, the United States, Brazil and Indonesia leading global downloads and emerging markets such as Africa poised for rapid gains as smartphone penetration rises.

Mobile games retained dominance, accounting for over 50 billion downloads and generating roughly $79 billion in revenue, yet 2022 marked the first year of year‑over‑year revenue decline, driven by reduced spending in the United States, Japan and other major economies. Utilities—particularly VPN apps in India—became the fastest‑growing category, while Turkey showed the sharpest adoption increase but faced inflation‑driven limits on consumer spend. Venture‑capital funding contracted, raising concerns about the emergence of new app disruptors, and Android revenue fell 30 percent year‑over‑year, contrasted with a modest 1 percent iOS growth.

Spending patterns shifted as entertainment apps eclipsed social networking in the United States, with TikTok, HBO Max and Disney+ leading a surge that doubled 2019 levels and made entertainment revenue twice that of the next‑largest non‑game category. In Japan, a manga‑reader app topped overall gross revenue for the first time, highlighting diversification beyond games.

Investment in Blockchain Games (Q4 2022 → Q1 2023)

| Quarter | Investment (USD) | Investment (Bn USD) | % Quarter‑over‑Quarter Change | |---------|------------------|----------------------|--------------------------------| | Q4 2022 | ≈ $654.5 million | ≈ 0.655 Bn | – | | Q1 2023 | $739 million | 0.739 Bn | +12.95 % |

How the numbers were derived

The report states that Q1 2023 saw a 12.95 % increase over the previous quarter and that the Q1 2023 total was $739 M. To back‑calculate the Q4 2022 figure:

\[ \text{Q4 2022 Investment} = \frac{\text{Q1 2023 Investment}}{1 + 0.1295} = \frac{739\text{ M}}{1.1295} \approx 654.5\text{ M} \]

Converting to billions (1 Bn = 1,000 M):

\[ 654.5\text{ M} \approx 0.655\text{ Bn} \qquad 739\text{ M} = 0.739\text{ Bn} \]

Key take‑away

Q1 2023 investment in blockchain gaming and metaverse projects reached $739 M (0.739 Bn), marking a robust 12.95 % quarter‑over‑quarter growth from the ≈ $654.5 M (0.655 Bn) invested in Q4 2022. This upward trajectory underscores the accelerating capital interest in the blockchain gaming sector.

Japan is rapidly evolving from a video game superpower into a significant esports market, overcoming historical regulatory and cultural hurdles. While the country previously lagged behind China and South Korea due to strict anti-gambling laws that capped prize pools and a lack of domestic titles in popular esports genres like MOBAs, recent policy shifts have transformed the landscape. Following the 2019 removal of most legal restrictions and the formation of the Japan Esports Union (JeSU), the market grew by 11% to reach $77 million in 2022.

The ecosystem is characterized by a unique "watching but not playing" culture, where livestreaming and content creation drive engagement among both gamers and non-gamers. This has led to the rise of prominent organizations such as Crazy Raccoon, DetonatioN FocusMe, FENNEL, SCARZ, and ZETA DIVISION. These teams increasingly operate as lifestyle brands, generating revenue through traditional sponsorships, merchandise, and specialized content partnerships. Notably, non-endemic brands like Nissin Foods have entered the space, with sponsorship fees reportedly increasing tenfold over the last five years.

Despite this momentum, the industry faces challenges, including a "Galapagos syndrome" where domestic game preferences differ from global trends, and a power imbalance where publishers maintain strict control over tournament formats. However, the outlook remains optimistic. Industry leaders anticipate further consolidation and professionalization, mirroring the evolution seen in Western markets a decade ago. As teams seek international expansion and venture capital, Japan is positioned to become a major hub for esports talent and tourism in Asia.

The global gaming market achieved a record $127 billion in total deal value across 1,320 transactions in 2022, a surge primarily fueled by a threefold increase in merger and acquisition volume. This consolidation was headlined by transformative deals such as Microsoft’s $68.9 billion pending acquisition of Activision Blizzard and Take-Two’s $12.7 billion purchase of Zynga. While the PC, console, and platform tools segments attracted the highest volume of interest, major technology firms including Meta, Google, and Netflix simultaneously expanded their internal capabilities through strategic acquisitions in virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and independent studio development.

Despite the record-breaking M&A activity, the broader financial landscape reflected significant volatility. Public gaming stocks experienced sharp declines, with many market capitalizations falling by more than 30%. Private financing deal counts rose by 29%, yet the total capital raised decreased to $11.1 billion as late-stage investments cooled. Blockchain gaming emerged as a particularly resilient sub-sector, securing $4 billion in funding across nearly 400 companies, supported by over $13 billion raised by specialized venture capital funds. Established industry leaders like Sony and Nintendo maintained robust EBITDA margins of 19.5% and 35.0% respectively, demonstrating operational stability amidst macroeconomic shifts.

The industry is transitioning into a period of heavy consolidation and potential "taking private" transactions as companies capitalize on lower public valuations. Future growth and investment are expected to concentrate on augmented and virtual reality, AI-driven development tools, and mobile audience expansion. Furthermore, the emergence of the Savvy Gaming Group, backed by a $35 billion investment fund, signals a shift toward new geographic centers of influence. As the market matures, the first significant wave of consolidation within the blockchain gaming sector is anticipated, marking a move toward more sustainable, high-quality project development.

Mobile games: state of the market & playtime Joint report of Apptica & Gamelight The purpose of this study is to analyse the state of gaming category in Q3 2023. All data presented in this report has been collected from Apptica and Gamelight platforms. "Games" category is defined by a store's tag. The basis of this analysis is made up of data from the Apptica's Store, Ad and Market Intelligence sections and Gamelight's playtime and app usage data.

This analysis examines the performance of the mobile puzzle gaming category during the first quarter of 2023, utilizing data from the Apptica platform across 35 countries. The study focuses on the Apple App Store and Google Play, evaluating key metrics including download volume, revenue generation, and advertising activity. The findings highlight a significant platform disparity, where Android accounts for 80% of total puzzle game downloads, yet iOS generates 56% of the category's total revenue.

Match 3 games maintain a dominant position within the puzzle sector, representing approximately one-third of all downloads and between 56% and 86% of revenue across the analyzed markets. On a broader industry scale, Match 3 titles account for 6% of all gaming downloads and share the second-highest revenue position at 9%, trailing only MMORPGs. While subgenres like Trivia, Merge, and Word games show regional variance in profitability, Bubble Shooter games demonstrate high download volume but contribute significantly less to total revenue.

Advertising remains a critical component of the puzzle category, which accounts for over 50% of ad traffic on iOS and more than 33% on Android. Leading titles such as Candy Crush Saga, Royal Match, and Gardenscapes consistently rank at the top for both downloads and revenue. Geographically, the United States leads in both download and revenue shares, while markets like Japan show a unique preference for Merge-style mechanics. Overall, the data underscores the continued maturity and high monetization potential of the puzzle genre within the global mobile gaming ecosystem.

The gaming industry experienced a significant contraction in deal-making activity during the first half of 2023, characterized by a challenging macroeconomic environment and a cooling of investor sentiment. The primary thesis of this analysis is that the sector is navigating a period of turbulence where high-value exits and late-stage investments have stalled, forcing companies to prioritize profitability, cost optimization, and internal restructuring over aggressive growth.

Key data points highlight a sharp decline across all major investment categories compared to the first half of 2022. Private investments fell to $1.5 billion across 239 deals, representing a substantial decrease in both volume and value. M&A activity saw an even more pronounced drop, with deal values plummeting as strategic investors shifted focus toward internal housekeeping and portfolio management. Public offerings remained largely muted, with companies increasingly opting to postpone listings due to unfavorable market conditions and valuation corrections. While early-stage venture capital remains the most resilient segment, it has also seen a shift in mindset, with startups moving away from "growth at all costs" toward sustainable business models.

The scope of this analysis covers global gaming industry transactions, including private investments, M&A, and public offerings, throughout the first half of 2023. The methodology relies on tracking closed transactions involving companies with core operations in the video game sector, excluding pure gambling, betting, and non-gaming blockchain entities. Data is synthesized from public media, S&P Capital IQ, and market insights to provide a comprehensive view of the industry's financial health. Despite the current downturn, the report identifies emerging interest in artificial intelligence as a potential driver for future deal activity, even as the broader market continues to face headwinds.

The gaming industry experienced a significant cooling period in the first quarter of 2023, characterized by a sharp decline in deal activity across private investments, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), and public offerings. Following years of rapid expansion, the market has returned to more normalized levels as high interest rates and bearish public market conditions create a challenging environment for capital deployment. The analysis, which tracks closed transactions within the global video game industry, highlights a transition toward cautious investment strategies and a notable scarcity of late-stage funding.

Private investment activity remains the most resilient segment, though it has retreated from previous record highs. While early-stage funding continues to show robustness and serves as a primary driver for future industry unicorns, late-stage deals have stalled significantly, with only two closed transactions recorded in the quarter. Corporate investment activity has remained relatively stable compared to the previous year, though many participants have opted to keep deal values undisclosed. M&A activity reached a low point during the quarter, recording roughly half the volume of previous years, though early indicators suggest a potential rebound in subsequent periods driven by major strategic acquisitions.

Public offerings remain largely stagnant, with no immediate signs of recovery due to the prevailing macroeconomic climate. The methodology relies on tracking closed transactions—excluding pure gambling and non-gaming blockchain entities—using data from public media, business partners, and S&P Capital IQ. Despite the current downturn, the industry maintains a focus on early-stage development, with venture capital firms such as Andreessen Horowitz, Makers Fund, and BITKRAFT Ventures leading in deal volume and value. The overall outlook suggests a period of adjustment where market participants are prioritizing smaller, early-stage opportunities while navigating the uncertainties of the broader financial landscape.