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DiGRA
The paper argues that game engines and AI narrative tools move developers away from open-ended creative play, which it calls the infinite game. They pull instead toward the optimization-driven finite game of platform capitalism.
Game engines and AI narrative tools are reshaping how games are made, according to this analysis, which argues that they pull developers away from open-ended creative play, the "infinite game," toward the optimization-driven "finite game" of platform capitalism. Drawing on Bernard Stiegler's concept of proletarianization and Adorno and Horkheimer's critique of the culture industry, the author contends that the Unity engine's Asset Store deskills developers through a modular, Taylorist workflow that encourages aesthetic homogenization, while its analytics suite substitutes quantified behavioral data for designers' creative intuition. Unity's 2023 Runtime Fee controversy serves as a central example of how platforms, once users are locked in, shift from growth strategies to aggressive rent extraction.
The paper extends this critique to AI-driven generative systems such as AI Dungeon, which offer a "simulated infinity" of narrative possibility while converting user creativity into training data. Across these tools, the author identifies a common dynamic in which design becomes a matter of key performance indicator optimization and behavioral extraction rather than exploratory craft.
The scope is primarily the commercial game industry and the technical infrastructures that dominate it, with the analysis grounded in specific platforms and recent events. The author is careful to qualify that these findings describe a dominant commercial trend rather than the whole of game-making, acknowledging that indie, art-game, and open-source practices persist, though under increasing strain.
The conclusions are prescriptive as well as diagnostic. The author calls for open platforms, critical technical literacy, deliberately "inefficient" design, and studio structures organized around craft rather than platform metrics, framing these as forms of resistance to the enclosure of creative practice.
DiGRA · 2025