Poland

This financial analysis details the third-quarter 2025 performance of PCF Group S.A. (People Can Fly), a global game development studio. The primary thesis centers on a strategic pivot toward financial stability following a period of reorganization and disappointing performance from self-published titles. The scope covers the group’s global operations, including studios in Warsaw, Montreal, Newcastle, and Dublin, with a specific focus on the nine-month period ending September 30, 2025.

The financial data reveals a significant net loss of 117 million PLN for the first nine months of 2025, compared to a 33.3 million PLN loss in the same period of 2024. This deficit is largely driven by substantial non-cash write-offs totaling over 100 million PLN. Key impairments include a 92 million PLN write-down for the project Lost Rift (Victoria) following its Early Access launch on September 25, 2025, which failed to meet sales and player reception expectations. Other write-offs include 6 million PLN for PCF Chicago goodwill and 5 million PLN for Unreal Engine licenses. Despite these losses, revenues increased to 152.1 million PLN from 131.9 million PLN year-over-year, bolstered by work-for-hire (WFH) projects such as Delta, Zulu, and Echo.

The group’s methodology emphasizes "adjusted EBITDA" to illustrate underlying operational health, reporting a corrected EBITDA of 6 million PLN for the first nine months of 2025. Following a reorganization that left the workforce at 756 employees, the company is shifting its strategy to prioritize cash flow. Future objectives include securing at least one new WFH contract by the end of 2025, scaling back the Lost Rift team to achieve self-funding by 2026, and halting investment in new self-published projects until the group generates positive cash flow. Current active partnerships include ongoing projects with Microsoft, Krafton, and Sony.

This financial summary details the performance of PCF Group (People Can Fly) for the first half of 2025, reflecting a period of organizational restructuring and portfolio transition. The group operates across two continents with a total workforce of 756 people as of June 30, 2025, a slight decrease from 2024 levels. This team is distributed primarily across studios in Warsaw, North America, and various European satellite locations, following the merger of PCF Chicago into PCF US.

Financial results for 1H 2025 show a significant recovery in profitability compared to the previous year. Revenue for the first half of 2025 reached 115.3 million PLN, a substantial increase over the 76.3 million PLN reported in 1H 2024. EBITDA improved from a loss of 11.3 million PLN in 1H 2024 to a positive 2.9 million PLN in 1H 2025. Despite these operational improvements, the group recorded a net loss of 21.3 million PLN for the period, though this represents a narrowing of the 33.3 million PLN net loss seen in the prior year. Key drivers for these results include the increased contribution of Project Echo, the inclusion of Project Delta in financial reporting, and accounting write-offs related to goodwill and licenses following the Chicago studio merger.

The group’s product strategy highlights a shift in its VR segment managed by Incuvo. While Green Hell VR continues to receive updates, including a successful co-op mode launch, the upcoming title Tracked: Shoot to Survive (Project Bison) is scheduled for a Q4 2025 release. This title will mark the final VR game published by PCF Group as it refines its long-term development focus. Quarterly revenue trends indicate a stabilization in the 50-60 million PLN range per quarter throughout late 2024 and early 2025, supported by a mix of work-for-hire projects and internal IP development.

The financial results for the first quarter of 2025 detail the operational and fiscal performance of PCF Group S.A., a global video game developer. The data reflects a period of strategic transition, characterized by rising quarterly revenues alongside shifting profitability margins. Total revenue for the first quarter of 2025 reached 63.0 million PLN, an increase from 56.9 million PLN in the same period of the previous year. Despite this growth, the group reported a net loss of 3.9 million PLN for the quarter, compared to a narrow loss of 0.9 million PLN in the first quarter of 2024. Adjusted EBITDA also saw a decline from 11.0 million PLN to 1.7 million PLN year-over-year.

The financial performance was influenced by several key operational factors, including the integration of PCF Chicago into PCF US and the inclusion of new projects such as Project Delta and Project Echo. Conversely, profitability was impacted by lower revenues from Project Gemini and the recognition of costs related to Project Bifrost within the cost of goods sold. The group’s workforce remained stable at 675 employees as of March 31, 2025, with a significant concentration of developers in Warsaw and North American studios.

In the virtual reality segment, the subsidiary Incuvo continues to manage Green Hell VR, which saw a successful co-op mode launch in late 2024. The group plans to release Project Bison in the fourth quarter of 2025, which is intended to be the final VR title published by PCF Group. Geographically, the group maintains a strong presence across Europe and North America, with its primary development hubs located in Poland and Canada. The methodology relies on consolidated financial data and internal project tracking as of the end of the first quarter of 2025.

People Can Fly presents a strategic pivot toward cash flow optimization and a refined production focus as of April 2025. The primary thesis centers on transitioning away from the virtual reality segment to concentrate exclusively on AAA and compact-AAA video games. This shift is driven by changes in the global VR business model, specifically the cessation of platform subsidies. Consequently, the company will conclude its VR publishing activities following the release of Project Bison in late 2025.

Financial data for the 2024 fiscal year shows cumulative revenue of PLN 190.4 million, an increase from PLN 150.1 million in 2023. This growth was supported by work-for-hire contributions from Project Maverick and Project Echo, alongside the launches of Bulletstorm VR and Green Hell VR Co-op. However, the group reported a significant net loss of PLN 175.3 million, largely attributed to one-off write-offs for Project Red, Project Bifrost, and the impairment of the Incuvo subsidiary.

The strategic roadmap emphasizes securing new work-for-hire contracts, including a recently signed project with Sony Interactive Entertainment, with a target of adding two more projects this year. In the self-publishing segment, Lost Rift is scheduled for early access in 2025. Notably, Krafton Inc. has waived its right of first refusal for Projects Bifrost and Victoria, granting the company freedom to seek new publishing partners.

Operational efficiency measures include optimizing team structures and office spaces while limiting disbursements to critical investments. As of late 2024, the group maintained a workforce of 756 employees across global studios in Warsaw, Montreal, Newcastle, and other locations. The company is currently evaluating various scenarios to secure additional financing to support its revised development pipeline.

Collective work under the direction of dr Jakub Marszałkowski dr Jakub Marszałkowski, Indie Games Poland, Poznan University of Technology (chapters 3, 5, 8, 9) Eryk Rutkowski, Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (chapters 2, 4, 6) Wojciech Trusz, Creative Industries Institute (chapters 1) Piotr Milewski, Sirius Game Studio, Gdynia Maritime University (chapters 7) Game Industry Conference team: Olga Matej, Agnieszka Wołoszyn, Kacper Żubryk, Hanna Marszałkowska, Dominik Latos Extra data minin...

PCF Group S.A. presents its financial and operational results for the first nine months of 2024, focusing on the performance of its global development studios and its VR-specialized subsidiary, Incuvo. The report covers the group’s activities across its primary hubs in Europe and North America, tracking the evolution of its workforce and project portfolio through September 30, 2024.

Financial performance for the 9M 2024 period shows total revenues of PLN 131.9 million, an increase from PLN 111.3 million in the same period of 2023. This growth was primarily driven by the recognition of revenues from the release of Bulletstorm VR in the first quarter and an increase in Work-for-Hire (WFH) revenues during the third quarter. However, profitability was negatively impacted by several factors, leading to a net loss of PLN 33.3 million compared to a loss of PLN 13.4 million in the previous year. Key detractors included a PLN 7.8 million write-down related to Project Red and revenue adjustments for Project Gemini following amended contract terms with Square Enix, which lowered margins. Adjusted EBITDA fell to negative PLN 1.7 million from a positive PLN 8.5 million in 9M 2023.

Operational highlights focus on the VR portfolio managed by Incuvo. Green Hell VR continues to expand with a co-op mode scheduled for release on December 16, 2024, following its addition to Meta Quest+ in June. Development of Project Bison, an internal IP, is progressing through the vertical slice phase with a planned 2025 premiere. Conversely, active development on Bulletstorm VR concluded in September 2024 following the version 1.4 update. The group’s total headcount remained stable at 767 employees, with a significant concentration of developers in Warsaw and North American studios.

PCF Group S.A. reported its financial results for the first quarter of 2024, highlighting a period of significant revenue growth and improved profitability. The primary thesis of the financial update is the successful execution of the group’s multi-project strategy, supported by both work-for-hire contracts and the development of original intellectual property. Geographically, the group maintains a strong international presence with major studios in Warsaw, Rzeszów, Montreal, and Newcastle, supported by a total workforce of 763 people as of March 31, 2024.

Financial performance in Q1 2024 showed a substantial increase in revenue to 56.9 million PLN, compared to 34.9 million PLN in the same period the previous year. This growth was driven by the release of Bulletstorm VR and ongoing work on Project Maverick. EBITDA rose to 11.0 million PLN, a significant improvement over the 3.0 million PLN recorded in Q1 2023. Net profit also turned positive, reaching 11.0 million PLN compared to a net loss of 0.9 million PLN in the prior year. Management attributed this increased profitability to a high revenue base and a disciplined cost approach, despite increased spending on the publishing team.

The production pipeline remains robust across several segments. In the AAA category, Projects Bifrost and Victoria are progressing according to schedule under a self-publishing model, both having received internal greenlights for 2025-2026 release windows. The VR segment, managed through InCuvo, continues development on Green Hell VR updates and the upcoming Project Bison. Additionally, work-for-hire projects remain stable, with Project Maverick reaching its target developer headcount and negotiations continuing with Square Enix regarding other collaborations. The balance sheet remains healthy, with 138.6 million PLN in cash and bonds and total assets valued at 505.1 million PLN.

PCF Group S.A. experienced significant organizational growth and structural expansion during the first nine months of 2023. The workforce reached a total of 722 employees by September 30, 2023, continuing a steady upward trajectory from 612 in 2022 and 495 in 2021. This growth is distributed across a global network of studios, with a primary concentration in Europe, where the headcount rose to 473, and a substantial presence in North America, accounting for 249 staff members. The internal composition of the team remains heavily weighted toward production, consisting primarily of developers and quality assurance professionals, supported by back-office staff and specialized units such as GameOn and Incuvo.

The geographic footprint of the group spans multiple key hubs, including Warsaw, Rzeszów, Katowice, Kraków, and Łódź in Poland, alongside international locations in Newcastle, Dublin, Montreal, and New York. This infrastructure supports a diversified operational model that includes both core development studios and a dedicated publishing division. The expansion reflects a strategic commitment to scaling production capabilities across various territories to support ongoing development projects.

Financial positioning for the period is characterized by a balance sheet that emphasizes long-term value creation through development work in progress and intangible assets. Key financial components include significant investments in development projects, tangible fixed assets, and right-of-use assets, balanced against equity and liquid holdings in cash and bonds. While specific revenue figures for the nine-month period are integrated into broader reporting, the data highlights a period of intensive investment in human capital and project pipelines intended to drive future growth within the competitive global gaming market.

This financial analysis details the performance of PCF Group (People Can Fly) for the first half of 2023, a period characterized by strategic expansion and significant capital raising despite a year-over-year decline in profitability. The group reported revenues of 68.7 million PLN for 1H23, down from 90.6 million PLN in 1H22. This decrease, alongside a drop in adjusted EBITDA from 29.7 million PLN to 4.0 million PLN and a net loss of 13.1 million PLN, is attributed to a high comparative base in 2022 following the termination of the Take-Two Interactive contract and the release of Green Hell VR. Current results were also impacted by increased operational scale, with the workforce growing 16% to 674 employees.

The group’s portfolio remains robust, featuring eight projects across various stages of development. Key highlights include two work-for-hire projects for Microsoft (Maverick and Gemini) and three self-published titles (Dagger, Bifrost, and Victoria) slated for 2025-2026. Project Maverick is expected to contribute significantly to financial results starting in the third quarter of 2023. Additionally, the group is expanding into the VR market with Bulletstorm VR, scheduled for release in December 2023.

A pivotal development in 1H23 was the successful completion of a secondary public offering (SPO), raising 235.3 million PLN to fund the group’s updated strategy. This process brought Krafton Inc. on as a strategic investor with a 10% stake following a 144.5 million PLN investment. The agreement grants Krafton specific rights, including right of first refusal for publishing certain upcoming titles. Geographically, the group maintains a strong international presence with studios across Europe and North America, positioning itself for long-term growth through a mix of work-for-hire and self-publishing models.

PCF Group, the parent entity of the People Can Fly studio, reports a period of continued organizational expansion and strategic financial positioning as of the first quarter of 2023. The group has significantly grown its workforce to 642 employees by March 31, 2023, up from 612 at the end of 2022. This growth is concentrated primarily in its European hubs, including Warsaw, Rzeszów, and Newcastle, while maintaining a substantial presence in North America through its Montreal and New York studios. The team composition remains heavily weighted toward development, supported by specialized units like Incuvo and GameOn.

Financial data indicates a stable balance sheet with total assets and liabilities reaching 351.9 million PLN. A notable shift is observed in the group’s cash position, which decreased from 137.1 million PLN at the end of 2021 to 60.9 million PLN by the end of Q1 2023. Simultaneously, investment in development work in progress has surged to 139.7 million PLN, reflecting an intensive production cycle. Equity remains strong at 271.6 million PLN, providing a solid foundation for the group’s long-term objectives.

The strategic focus is transitioning from a work-for-hire model toward self-publishing. While the group continues to leverage partnerships with global publishers to ensure financial stability and experimental freedom, the ultimate goal is to release three AAA projects under a self-publishing framework. This shift is projected to drive a 4.9x revenue increase between 2023 and 2027. Funding for this strategy is secured through a combination of operational cash flow, debt financing, and a strategic investment agreement with Krafton, which contributed 144.5 million PLN via a share subscription. This diversified capital structure is intended to support the full realization of the group’s ambitious development pipeline.

The financial results for PCF Group S.A. in 2022 reflect a transitional period for the company, characterized by a strategic shift toward self-publishing and a significant expansion of its global workforce. The primary objective of the data is to provide a comprehensive overview of the Group’s financial health and operational growth during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. The scope of the reporting covers the Group’s international presence, including studios in Warsaw, Rzeszów, Newcastle, Montreal, and New York, encompassing segments such as game development, quality assurance, and specialized subsidiaries like GameOn and Incuvo.

Financial performance in 2022 saw a decline compared to the previous year, with total revenues reaching 171.5 million PLN, down from 180.3 million PLN in 2021. This decrease is primarily attributed to the termination of a major development agreement with Take-Two Interactive Software. Adjusted EBITDA fell from 70.5 million PLN in 2021 to 49.7 million PLN in 2022, while net profit dropped significantly from 61.3 million PLN to 22.0 million PLN. Despite these lower earnings, the balance sheet shows a substantial increase in development work in progress, rising from 68.0 million PLN to 137.1 million PLN. This shift indicates a higher allocation of developer salaries toward internal assets as the company pivots toward independent production.

Operational growth remains a key highlight, with the total workforce expanding from 495 employees at the end of 2021 to 612 by the end of 2022. The majority of this team consists of developers, supported by QA and back-office staff. Geographically, the Group maintains a strong European base with 418 employees, while its North American operations grew to 194 staff members. The data suggests that while short-term profitability was impacted by the loss of a major partner, the Group is aggressively investing in its internal pipeline and human capital to support future self-published titles.

DEVELOPER'S Table of contents Damian Jaskowski is a Chinese gaming market expert working as Expert PR Manager for East Asia at 1l bit studios and Chinese Market Coordinator at the Indie Games Poland Foundation. 3 PART II – A STEP BY STEP GUIDE TO PART III – REACHING OUT TO YOUR FANBASE 20 4 MARKET 12 3.1 Chines...