Towards a Unified Language for Card Game Design

The development of a unified language for card game design aims to bridge the gap between physical cardboard prototyping and digital game development. By creating a formal, domain-specific language (DSL) called CardScript, the research seeks to provide game designers with a standardized toolkit that supports rapid iteration, automated balancing, and the simulation of game mechanics. The primary thesis is that a common, reusable language can overcome the limitations of current, narrow-focus design tools, allowing for more efficient prototyping and deeper analysis of gameplay dynamics.

The methodology involves design research conducted in collaboration with industry partners through a gaming fieldlab. The researchers analyzed the structural requirements of card games—including deck composition, table arrangements, and rule sets—to build a preliminary domain model. This model was then used to develop a prototype of CardScript, which utilizes the Rascal language workbench to enable the procedural generation of card decks and the formal specification of game rules. The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated through a simplified implementation of the game Old Maid, which successfully automated deck generation and rule representation.

Key findings emphasize that while visual interfaces are highly valued by designers, they often lack the underlying semantic structure necessary for complex game analysis. The proposed toolkit addresses this by integrating textual and visual notations, enabling features such as event logging, step-by-step replay of gameplay scenarios, and automated playtesting. The research identifies several technical challenges, including the need for a robust engine capable of executing game specifications and a type checker to ensure design quality. Ultimately, the project advocates for a shared, open-source foundation that supports not only professional game development but also educational initiatives and academic research into game design patterns and automated playtesting.